IVF fertilization is performed when a woman has been diagnosed with infertility of various complexity or when certain other diagnoses are made, including those related to a man’s health.
Tubal infertility – a fallopian tube obstruction or absent oviduct is diagnosed.
Endometriosis – if the diagnosis is confirmed after medication or surgery.
Age-related changes – a decrease in ovulatory cycles due to the depletion of the ovarian function.
Infertility is unexplained by modern diagnostics – in the absence of pregnancy even with good health indicators.
Immunological peculiarities of the body – presence of antisperm bodies in the female body.
The malefactor – low sperm activity.
It should be remembered that even after a year of unsuccessful attempts, specialists do not recommend IVF. Before resorting to auxiliary methods, detailed research and intensive infertility treatment are performed.
A visit to a reproductologist
A reproductologist is a doctor who specializes in solving women’s and men’s health issues by identifying the causes of infertility. The specialist determines ways to treat interfertility by first gathering information about lifestyle and health conditions – an anamnesis is compiled. Most likely the reproductologist will be interested in the following information:
Menstrual function: age of onset, how often, and how long menstruation is.
Inflammatory diseases suffered since childhood. If possible, children’s medical records should be provided.
Past surgical interventions in the pelvic area, because can cause the formation of pathologies.
A number of abortions, miscarriages, and pregnancies.
Information about special procedures, such as chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or antibiotic therapy, should be provided. Reliable data is important because it is the starting point for developing further tactics for the IVF protocol.
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IVF diagnostics and tests
Examinations are equally necessary for both women and men.
Women need to undergo:
Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs. Allowed to pass the procedure in advance with the result presented to the reproductologist. He needs to evaluate the work of the uterus and ovaries. Their size, the presence or absence of cysts, nodules, polyps are examined. The stock of oocytes, condition of the endometrium, follicle deposit in the current menstrual cycle is assessed.
Examination by a gynecologist. The condition of the cervix is evaluated, and a smear is taken for microflora. It is important to pass a smear a month before IVF, if necessary it will be taken repeatedly.
Remember: on different days of the menstrual cycle ultrasound provides different information. For example, a follicular deposit is evaluated in the first phase of the cycle. The endometrium is examined in the middle of the cycle; as follicular maturation occurs at this time. It is allowed to be evaluated in the second phase when ovulation has occurred – you need to assess how ready the endometrium is to meet the embryo.
Men need to undergo a spermogram – it will determine the exact number and activity of sperm cells. Specialists evaluate whether they are suitable for natural fertilization during intercourse, whether there is no inflammatory process.
Please note: if the number of white blood cells in the sperm fluid is high, an examination for the presence of infections is appointed. Doctors must rule out or confirm the presence of chlamydia, trichomonas, or other infections. If any pathology is confirmed, the andrologist prescribes additional examinations, treatment, the IVF protocol is extended until the man is fully recovered.